Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum-Graecum): Bridging traditional wisdom and modern therapeutics for holistic health applications

• Author Details:   
• Dipali Vikas Mane ^*
• Dhanashri Bapu Khatal
• Kiran Prashant Kundekar
• Samruddhi Sanjay Dixit
• Sayali Santosh Patil
• Sakshi Shashikant Sawant
• Pooja Dnyaneshwar Thite
• Monika Aba Jawalage

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The well-known medicinal herb fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has attracted a lot of interest due to its many traditional and therapeutic uses. The historical, cultural, and pharmacological aspects of fenugreek are carefully examined in this paper, which highlights the plant's significance in traditional medical systems including Ayurveda, Unani, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Bioactive substances such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and galactomannan, which are abundant in fenugreek seeds and leaves, give it a wide range of therapeutic benefits. Traditionally, fenugreek has been used to treat a variety of illnesses, such as gynecological issues, diabetes, inflammation, and digestive difficulties. Its hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities have been highlighted in recent scientific investigations, which have further confirmed its medicinal potential. Additionally, fenugreek shows potential in new fields such gut microbiota regulation, anti-cancer treatments, and metabolic syndrome management. The various modes of action that underlie the pharmacological actions of fenugreek, such as insulin mimetic activity, enzyme inhibition, and receptor modulation, are also covered in this review. Its relevance in contemporary dietary patterns is further highlighted by the discussion of its nutritional and functional food uses. In order to give a thorough grasp of fenugreek's uses and limitations, the review assesses its safety profile while looking at its toxicological characteristics and potential medication interactions. This review attempts to close the gap between ethnopharmacological practices and evidence-based medicine by fusing traditional knowledge with new scientific discoveries. It opens the door for more study and clinical uses by highlighting the unrealized potential of fenugreek as a sustainable resource for nutritional and medicinal advancements.

Keywords: Fenugreek, Traditional medicine, Bioactive compounds, Therapeutic potential, Pharmacological mechanisms