Introduction
Turmeric
Turmeric, or Curcuma longa Linn., belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. The plant has many potential medicinal properties.1, 2 It has a number of beneficial qualities including anti-inflammatory, biliary, hepatoprotective, blood purifier, antioxidant, detoxifying and regenerating liver tissue, anti-asthmatic, anti-cancer, anti-toxin, digestive and detoxifier. slightly, as pointed out in the documentation.3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Plasma cholesterol levels can be lowered using curcumin. The heart and arteries are preserved by its antiplatelet activity. It also protects against DNA damage in lymphocytes.9 Parts of this plant contain curcumin, a type of flavonoid. About 60-70% of turmeric powder is carbohydrates, while other ingredients include 6-8% protein, 5-8%, 3-7% minerals, 3-7% essential oils, 2-7% fiber.10 and 1 to 6% curcuminoids. The phytochemicals in turmeric are found in diarylheptanoids, another group of curcuminoids that includes curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin.11 It has also been observed that Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Curcuma longa Linnaeus are the two main species of Zingiberaceae studied for a variety of pharmaceuticals, including anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, antibacterial, analgesic, immunomodulatory, pro -apoptotic, anti-HIV and anti-HIV. Cancer.12 Furthermore, some researchers have also found that curcumin, a polyphenolic natural product isolated from turmeric, interacts with various cellular and molecular targets and thus, exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects.13
Taxanomical classification 14
Active constituents
The active constituent of Turmeric is shown in the figure viz Curcumin. Further the following are the active constituents of Turmeric, in a standard form, turmeric contains moisture (>9%), curcumin (5–6.6%), extraneous matter (<0.5% by weight), mould (<3%), and volatile oils (<3.5%). Volatile oils include d-α-phellandrene, d-sabinene, cinol, borneol, zingiberene, and sesquiterpenes). The active constituents of turmeric are shown in Figure 1. Curcumin, the active ingredient in the Curcuma longa plant, has received a lot of attention over the past two decades as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer agent. In the summary of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of curcumin and its derivatives for their antitumor activity, their main mechanisms of action, and cellular targets has been provided based on data from the literature from experimental and clinical reviews of curcumin in cancer cell lines, animal models and human subjects showed promising results.
Herbal syrup
Herb syrup is prepared by adding a concentrated herbal extract with sugar, and alcohol was also used. Herbal syrup was made with decoction. Mixing a decoction of herbs with sugar helps to thicken the recipe and preserve it. This increases the shelf life of the formula. Added sweeteners can also help enhance the taste of certain herbs. The resulting syrup is delicious! It is defined as a thick, sticky liquid consisting of a concentrated solution of sugar and water with or without added flavoring or medicinal ingredients.15, 16, 17
Following are the Ingredients Used in Formulation
Turmeric: It is used in various herbal and ayurvedic treatment of cancer. The Soxhlet extracted alcoholic extract was obtained which was further filtered and used.
Orange oil: It consist fruit of plant citrus aurantium belonging to family: Rutaceae. it contain not less than 2.5% of volatile oil. It uses as antioxidant, anti-cancer and neurodegenerative disorder.18
Alcohol: It uses in small quantity act as preservative.
Invert sugar base: It was prepared by mixing 2 cups (480 mL) of water with 4.4 cups (1 kg) of granulated sugar and 1/4 teaspoon of cream of tartar in a pot. The mixture was boiled over medium heat until it reaches 236°F (114°C), stirring occasionally. Next, remove the mixture from the heat, cover, and let cool.19, 20
Materials and Methods
Herbal syrup is prepared by the method of decoction. Turmeric extract is obtained as a fine extract from Herbal Creations Pvt Ltd. The extract was prepared with an ethanol extract to obtain ethanol-specific active ingredients by the Soxhlet extraction method. Furthermore, the extract was filtered, and the extracts of the quantities used as shown in the table were used to prepare formulations F1 to F4. All extracts were mixed and 50ml of syrup was obtained. Dyes, flavoring agents are added to it. This resulting syrup is transferred to an amber bottle, tightly closed and placed in a cool, dry place. Preparation of medicinal syrup: The preparation of medicinal syrup is carried out according to the quantities listed in Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5 and the evaluation parameters are given in Table 6.
Table 2
Formulation No.1 (F1) - For 50ml.
|
Sr. No |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Turmeric extract |
7ml |
|
2. |
Orange oil |
5ml |
|
4. |
Invert Sugar Base |
38ml |
Table 3
Formulation 2 (F2) - for 50ml.
|
Sr. No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Turmeric extract |
5ml |
|
2. |
orange oil |
2ml |
|
3. |
Invert Sugar Base |
33ml |
|
4. |
Alcohol |
10ml |
In above formula (F2), we used alcohol because in the formulation number 1 (F1), sugar was not able to inhibit the growth of fungi, so we use alcohol.
Table 4
Formulation 3 (F3) - For 50ml.
|
Sr. No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Turmeric extract |
8ml |
|
2. |
Orange oil |
2ml |
|
3. |
Invert Sugar Base |
33ml |
|
4. |
Alcohol |
7ml |
The formulation number 2 was rejected because of more quantity of alcohol is use. In this formula we use alcohol as minimum quantity.
Table 5
Formulation 4 (F4) – for 50ml.
|
Sr. No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Turmeric extract |
15 ml |
|
2. |
Orange oil |
4ml |
|
4. |
Invert Sugar base |
20ml |
|
5. |
Alcohol |
11 ml |
Following evaluation parameters were performed on formulation 4 (F4).
Evaluation parameter
Density
It was evaluated by Formula as given below,
Formula for density: Density of liquid under test (syrup) = weight of liquid under test
/volume of liquid under test = w3/v
Specific gravity
Specific Gravity was evaluated by the formula as given below
Specific gravity of liquid under test (syrup) = weight of liquid under test /weight of water =
w5/w4.
Result and Discussion
The final formulation (F4) was obtained is stable than formulations F1, F2, F3. The formulation (F4) was obtained by minimizing the error in formulation F1, F2, F3. The formulation (F4) having antioxidant property hence it will be very helpful for researchers as well as industries to make the similar formulations on large scale.
Table 6
Evaluation of herbal syrup
Conclusion
The Herbal formulation was prepared and F4 can be formulated and prepared on large scale.
Acknowledgment
I express my gratitude to Dr Amit G. Nerkar, for funding this project through Ateos Foundation of Science Education and Research and for his precious suggestions and guidance for the completion of my project. We would like to express our obligation to CAYMET’s Siddhant College of Pharmacy, for providing all the necessary facilities to conduct the research work.
