Introduction
Arjuna
Terminalia arjuna, commonly known as arjuna, belongs to the family Combretaceae. Its bark decoction is used in the Indian subcontinent to treat angina, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and dyslipidemia, based on the observations of ancient physicians for centuries. century.1 According to estimates by the World Health Organization, more than 75% of the world's population is still dependent on medicines of plant origin, usually obtained by healers.2 Arjuna is a powerful herb that has been widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for a very long time. Because of its strong cardioprotective and cardioprotective effects, it is mainly used to treat heart disease.3 Since ancient times, people have used the therapeutic powers of arjuna bark to treat a variety of ailments.4 Arjuna is a remarkable herb that promotes heart health and eases the effects of anxiety and uncertainty.5 It improves cardiovascular health and controls heart rate.6 The rich minerals in arjuna help prevent bone loss and improve bone mineral density. Due to its anti-ulcer activity, it is an effective treatment for ulcers, especially peptic ulcers.7 It effectively treats bleeding disorders because it regulates bleeding.8 It benefits more from frequent urination and polyuria because it reduces the frequency of urination. It has strong astringent properties and controls leukemia.9
Taxanomical classification10
Herbal syrup
Herb syrup is prepared by adding a concentrated herbal extract with sugar, and alcohol was also used. Herbal syrup was made with decoction. Mixing a decoction of herbs with sugar helps to thicken the recipe and preserve it. This increases the shelf life of the formula. Added sweeteners can also help enhance the taste of certain herbs. The resulting syrup is delicious! It is defined as a thick, sticky liquid consisting of a concentrated solution of sugar and water with or without added flavoring or medicinal ingredients 11, 12, 13.
Following are the ingredients used in formulation
Arjuna Extract: It is used in various herbal and ayurvedic treatment of cancer. The Soxhlet extracted alcoholic extract was obtained which was further filtered and used.
Orange oil: It consist fruit of plant citrus aurantium belonging to family: Rutaceae. it contain not less than 2.5% of volatile oil. It uses as antioxidant, anti-cancer and neurodegenerative disorder 14
Alcohol: It uses in small quantity act as preservative.
Invert sugar base: It was prepared by mixing 2 cups (480 mL) of water with 4.4 cups (1 kg) of granulated sugar and 1/4 teaspoon of cream of tartar in a pot. The mixture was boiled over medium heat until it reaches 236°F (114°C), stirring occasionally. Next, remove the mixture from the heat, cover, and let cool.15, 16.
Materials and Methods
Herbal syrup is prepared by the method of decoction. Arjuna extract is obtained as a fine extract from Herbal Creations Pvt Ltd. The extract was prepared with an ethanol extract to obtain ethanol-specific active ingredients by the Soxhlet extraction method. Furthermore, the extract was filtered, and the extracts of the quantities used as shown in the table were used to prepare formulations F1 to F4. All extracts were mixed and 50ml of syrup was obtained. Dyes, flavoring agents are added to it. This resulting syrup is transferred to an amber bottle, tightly closed and placed in a cool, dry place. Preparation of medicinal syrup: The preparation of medicinal syrup is carried out according to the quantities listed in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5 and the evaluation parameters are given in Table 6.
Table 2
Formulation No.1 (F1) - for 50ml.
|
Sr. No |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Arjuna extract |
30 ml |
|
2. |
Orange oil |
5ml |
|
4. |
Invert Sugar Base |
15 ml |
Table 3
Formulation 2 (F2) - for 50ml.
|
Sr. No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Arjuna extract |
15 ml |
|
2. |
orange oil |
5ml |
|
3. |
Invert Sugar Base |
20 ml |
|
4. |
Alcohol |
10 ml |
In above formula (F2), we used alcohol because in the formulation number 1 (F1), sugar was not able to inhibit the growth of fungi, so we use alcohol.
Table 4
Formulation 3 (F3) - for 50ml.
|
Sr. No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Arjuna extract |
25 ml |
|
2. |
Orange oil |
5ml |
|
3. |
Invert Sugar Base |
15 ml |
|
4. |
Alcohol |
5ml |
The formulation number 2 was rejected because of more quantity of alcohol is use. In this formula we use alcohol as minimum quantity.
Table 5
Formulation 4 (F4) – for 50ml.
|
Sr. No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity |
|
1. |
Arjuna extract |
20 ml |
|
2. |
Orange oil |
5ml |
|
4. |
Invert Sugar base |
20ml |
|
5. |
Alcohol |
05 ml |
Following evaluation parameters were performed on formulation 4 (F4).
Evaluation parameter
Density
It was evaluated by Formula as given below,
Formula for density: Density of liquid under test (syrup) = weight of liquid under test /volume of liquid under test = w3/v
Specific gravity
Specific Gravity was evaluated by the formula as given below
Specific gravity of liquid under test (syrup) = weight of liquid under test /weight of water = w5/w4.
Result and Discussion
The final formulation (F4) was obtained is stable than formulations F1, F2, F3. The formulation (F4) was obtained by minimizing the error in formulation F1, F2, F3. The formulation (F4) having antioxidant property hence it will be very helpful for researchers as well as industries to make the similar formulations on large scale.
Table 6
Evaluation of herbal syrup
Conclusion
The Herbal formulation was prepared and F4 can be formulated and prepared on large scale.
Acknowledgment
I express my gratitude to Dr Amit G. Nerkar, for funding this project through Ateos Foundation of Science Education and Research and for his precious suggestions and guidance for the completion of my project. We would like to express our obligation to CAYMET’s Siddhant College of Pharmacy, for providing all the necessary facilities to conduct the research work.
